12/2/2023 0 Comments Variance of muscle synergyEach profile represents an individual EMG pattern averaged across 9 consecutive giant swings and is expressed as a function of the percentage of the giant swing (0 and 100% correspond to the vertical position of the gymnast under the bar). This confirms that the muscle synergies are consistent across participants, even during a skilled motor task that requires learning.īackward giant circle electromyography gymnastics motor modules motor primitives muscle coordination nonegative matrix factorization.Įlectromyographic (EMG) envelope for 12 muscles obtained in nine gymnasts during linked backward giant swings. Although variability was found (especially for synergy #3), the gymnasts exhibited gross similar neuromuscular strategies when performing backward giant swings. By keeping the synergy activation coefficients constant, we obtained an averaged VAF across all pairwise comparisons of 72 ± 5%. For the synergy activation coefficients, r(max)-values were 0.96 ± 0.03, 0.92 ± 0.03, and 0.95 ± 0.03, for synergy #1, #2, and #3, respectively. By keeping the muscle synergy vectors constant, we obtained an averaged VAF across all pairwise comparisons of 79 ± 4%. The coefficients of correlation of the muscle synergy vectors among the participants were 0.83 ± 0.08, 0.86 ± 0.09, and 0.66 ± 0.28 for synergy #1, #2, and #3, respectively. Three muscle synergies explained 89.9 ± 2.0% of the variance accounted for (VAF). We performed a further analysis to verify that the muscle synergies (in terms of muscle synergy vectors or synergy activation coefficients) extracted for one gymnast accounted for the EMG patterns of the other gymnasts. First, the coefficient of correlation (r) and circular cross-correlation (r(max)) were calculated to assess similarities in the mechanical patterns, EMG patterns, and muscle synergies between gymnasts. Muscle synergies were extracted by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), providing two components: muscle synergy vectors and synergy activation coefficients. Both kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) patterns of 12 upper-limb and trunk muscles were recorded. This cyclic movement is interesting because it requires learning, as untrained subjects are unable to perform this task. We studied a population of experienced gymnasts during backward giant swings on the high bar. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether subjects who have learned a complex motor skill exhibit similar neuromuscular control strategies.
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